http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vellalar Speaks Authoritatively on Vellala Kings!
 

They had close associations and held high positions of office with the three main Tamil dynasties, Chola, Chera and Pandya[2]. Some of them even had marital relations; Ilamcetcenni, the king known for his fleet of warships married a Velir princess, and his son Karikala Chola also married a Velir princess from Nangur[9].

Warrior Chieftains

The Vellalars not only held absolute control over the feudal society but also demonstrated great military prowess. To quote a few:

* Ma-Vel-Evvi the famous chief known for his valour and bravery was a Vellala from Millalikurram in Pandimandalam. He was the law around the southern bank of the Kaveri basin. His territory included one of the most fertile fields of the Cauvery basin.

* Vel-Pari was known as the great patron of poets. This chief was a relative of Ma-Vel-Evvi and after the demise of the latter he took over the territory around the mountains of Parambu. Poet Kapilar, his life long companion described him as the lord of three hundred villages in ancient Tamilakkam who could only be won over by the sound of a lute.

 “கட்டபொம்மு நாயக்கர் பிடிபடுவதிலும், அவரது மந்திரியான சுப்ரமணியபிள்ளை பிடிபட்டதே நமக்கு வெற்றி”      read more at ...

http://bsubra.wordpress.com/2009/01/19/pillaimaar-ira-manikandan/

கட்டபொம்முவின் மந்திரியாக இருந்த தானாபதிப் பிள்ளைதான் அந்த இளைஞன். பெயர் சுப்ரமணிய பிள்ளை. தூக்கிலிட்டாலும் மீண்டும் எழுந்து வந்துவிடுவாரோ என்று பரங்கியரை அஞ்சி நடுங்க வைத்த இந்த சுத்த வீரரைத் தந்த சமூகம் `பிள்ளைமார்’ என்று அழைக்கும் வேளாளர் சமூகம். தமிழைத் தாய்மொழியாகக் கொண்ட சமூகங்களுள் தொன்மை வாய்ந்தது பிள்ளைமார் சமூகம்.

Following text thanks to : www.whatisindia.com

Thevar - Pillai - Mudali are all same once & Many Pillai Kings were there:
KV Subramanya Iyer Says in his Research volume_12/introduction_1.html

Mr. K. V. Subrahmanya Ayyar considers that Sola-Kon and Venadudaiyan were the son of Kopperunjinga (S.I.I., Vol. VIII, Intr.).  He is evidently inclined to this view because these two persons were also known as Perumalpillai (S.I.I.,  Vol. VIII, Nos. 48 and 94).  The word ‘Perumalpillai’ is used as a proper name and it should not be split up to mean ‘the son of Perumal.’   If this meaning was really intended we should expect some such phrase as nam-maganar or   devar-maganar.  Another objection to this view is that Sola-Kon hailed from Arasur, whereas Kopperunjinga belonged to Kudal.  Moreover Sola-Kon is nowhere called Alappirandan, Kadava or Pallava, but is, on the other hand, definitely referred to as devar-mudali,  i.e., an officer of the chief, and in some cases merely by the term Pillai  (Nos. 401 of 1903 and 432 of 1924).
 

His capital Sendamangalam is also stated in the same prasasti to have been protected by strong fortification.  He was served by a faithful band of warriors, chief among whom were Sola-Kon[74] alias Perumal-Pillai of Arasur, the latter’s younger brother Venadudaiyan[75] and Pillaiyar  Nilagangaraiyar. read more
 

The whole site http://www.whatisindia.com is based on
1. Diwan Bahadur L. D. Swamikannu Pillai’s research book Indian Ephemeris [An annual publication containing tables that give the positions of the celestial bodies throughout the year] Read more abt Swamikannu Book

2. Mr. Kanakasabhai Pillai volume_2/introduction.html

3. Mr. P. Sundaram Pillai  volume_2/no_75_76_pillar_at_uyyakkondan.html

4. Mr. P. Sundaram Pillai’s valuable article on the Age of Tirunanasambandar in the Madras Christian College Magazine, Vol. IX, pp. 344 and 511; and Ep. Ind. Vol. III, p. 280 f.

Read about Marudha Nayagam Pillai alias Yusuf Khan alias Khan Sahib here

Info about King Vira Vallala III who ruled Hoysala in 1292 AD: www.mudaliars.0catch.com/vellalaballala.html
This King built Tiruvannamalai Arunachaleshwarar Temple, the statue of the King is put in the entrance of the Gopuram.

visit this site http://www.mudaliars.co.nr/ for Superb research materials on Vellala, Mudaliars, Pillais

Between 501 to 1000 CE, Cholas, Tamilnadu

Kodumbalur – Glory of the Irukkuvels

Posted by 

Saurabh

 on March 6, 2011

http://puratattva.in/2011/03/06/kodumbalur-glory-of-the-irukkuvels-22 

1

Introduction – Kodumbalur is probably the most ancient site in Pudukkottai region. It is famous as the birthplace of Idangali-Nayanar, a prince of solar-race and one of the 63 Shaiva saints (Nayanar-s) who flourished before 9th century. The first reference of this town is found in the Tamil classic Silappadikaram in which it is referred as Kodumbai lying on the highway between Uraiyur and Madura. Kovalan, the hero ofSilappadikaram, traveled through this route with his wife, Kannagi, and a Jaina ascetic. Uraiyur (now Trichy) was the capital of the Cholas while Madura (now Madurai) has been always the capital of the Pandyas from the time immortal. Periyapuranam provides a reference of Konnatu-k-kodi-nagaram (apex town of Konadu) forKodumbalur.Irukkuvel of Velirs were ruling over Kodumbalur from very ancient time. As per a Muval Koilinscription Bhutivikramakesari, an Irukkuvel king, traced his lineage to the Yadava race, a clan of Lord Krishna of Dwarka. Tamil literature gives a number of chiefs who were member of the Velir family. They were settled at different places. Uruvappahrer Ilanjetchenni, the father of Karikala-Chola, was married to the daughter of Ulundur-Vel [just like Ulundoor Pettai, the Thuvaraiampathi was Thuvaraga Dwaraka Dwarka]. Karikala was also married to Nangur-Vel’s daughter. Irungovenman, An Irukkuvelking with title Pulikadimal, was contemporary with the Chola ruler Karikala Chola. He traced back his lineage back to 49 generations reaching to a king of Dwarka. Pulikadimal means a hero who slay a tiger. There are two versions of this story. First version states that he was separated from his hunting expedition party and was pursued by a tiger which he killed in the last. Second version states that Irungovenman was the lord of Tuvarapati (current Dvarasamudra) and to have sprung from the homa-kund of a sage. At the instance of this sage he killed a tiger that came to interrupt his austerities.

It is interesting to find similarities between Irukkuvel and Hoysala-s. First, both claimed their lineage toYadava race. Second, one of the early king of the both dynasties, Irungovenman of Velir-s and Sala ofHoysala-s, have been associated with killing of a tiger. Does this present some connection in between these two? This needs further study in both the dynasties to come to a conclusion.

As per Muvar Koil inscription, Bhuti Vikramakesari was ruling over Kodumbalur. He is stated to have defeated the Pallava-s and the Pandya-s. Samarabhirama, father of Bhuti, was married to a Chola princessAnupama. Bhuti Vikramakesari is identified with Tennavan Ilangovel who was a feudatory of the Chola kingAditya I. In this case the Pallava king slain by him could be Aparajitavarman who was overthrown by theChola king Aditya I. This makes Samarabhirama contemporary of the Chola king Vijayalaya. He would have helped Vijayalaya in his conquests and established his ancestral domain of Konadu. His son, Bhuti, being contemporary of Aditya I was given the region which was ruled previously by Muttaraiya-s after their defeat in the hands of Aditya I. The Pandya king defeated by Bhuti would have been a Vira-Pandya who might be a probable contemporary of Pandya Rajasimha and a member of collateral line. Daughter of Bhuti, Nangai, was married to the Chola prince Arikulakesari, son of Parantaka I.

Bhuti Vikramakesari had two sons from his queen Karrali, Parantaka and Aditya. These are identical with Sembiyan [sembiyan means the KING who invented use of Copper Sembu which became Sambu, Sambunath, Shambunath of Brahmins of Nepal – Shiva name – Shambo Shiva Shambo came from Sembiyan Sembhu Copper invention and smelting and Copper use in Anti Bacterial siddha medicine] Irukkuvel alias Bhuti Parantaka and Sembiyan Ilangovel alias Bhuti Aditta-Pidaran –[Pidaran means Paambaatti – again Technology – Paambu Pidaran – Snake Charmers, Snake Venom used in Siddha medicine as cures…Pidaran means Shiva Name Shiva also has Paambu Snake as Maala]. Madhurantakan Irukkuvel alias Adityan Bhuti or Adityan Vikramakesari was the son of Sembiyan Ilangovel. Sembiyan Irukkuvel had three sons, Virasola Ilangovel alias Parantakan Kunjaramalla, Mahimalya Irukkuvel aliasParantakan Virasola and Vira-Irungolar alias Parantaka Siriyavelar. The last of these was married toVaraguna-Perumanar, the sister of Parantaka II Sundara Chola.

Brief History of Pudukkottai –[Actor Vijay Vellala Pillai is also from Pudukkottai – he should be Tamilnadu next CM, as he is also from Vellala King Dynasty DNA….like Marudha Nayagam Pillai alias Khan Sahib of Ramnad Freedom Fighter who killed lakhs of British French & Mughals & Maravar Poligars]  – Pudukkottai as a region has played a very significant role in the history of southern-eastern part of India, most of which is within Tamilnadu boundary now. South India was under dominion of two major powers, the Pallava-s and the Pandya-s for three centuries between 7th and early 10th century. Kaveri, a major river of South India, passes through this region making it fertile and rich. It made this region a matter of contention among all the neighbors. As it was at the boundary of these two kingdoms so witnessed many clashes. Because of its position at the periphery and distance from the capital city, this region was governed by local chiefs who ruled under authority of the powerful kingdoms like the Pallava-sand Pandya-s. These chiefs oscillated their allegiance between the Pallava-s and the Pandya-s depending on who is powerful at that time. Muttaraiyar-s and Irukkuvel-s were two main chiefs who ruled this part of land as vassals of either the Pallava-s or the Pandya-s.

Mahendravarman I (580-629 CE) inherited a vast region from his father, Simhavarman (550-580 CE). The southern part of this region was soon lost to the Pandya-s. As per Sendalai pillar inscription, a Pandya king gained a victory at Kodumbalur. Velvikudi plates report that Ter-maran defeated the Pallava-s at this place only. Vellar river probably formed the boundary between the Pallava-s and the Pandya-s. Muttaraiya-s ruled the north part of Vellar river while Irukkuvel were ruling the southern part. With resurgence of the Pallava-s,Muttharaiya-s’ allegiance was towards the Pallava-s as seen during the rise of the Pallava king Nandivarman II Pallavamalla (731-796 CE). The Pallava-s soon got back this tract of land from the Pandya-s whenNandivarman II defeated the Pandya-s. However there are few contradictory inscriptions from Pandya-swhere it is stated that Maravarman Rajasimha defeated the Pallava king Nandivarman II Pallavamalla. But it is very much possible that both, the Pallava-s and the Pandya-s are right in their inscriptions. There might have been more than one clash in between these two powers which in the end resulted with the win of thePallava-s. Two Velir chiefs, Marapidugu-Ilangovel and Videlvidugu-Ilangovel were holding subordinate position under the Pallava king Nandivarman II. An inscription from Adipuriswara Temple in Tiruvorriyurstates that Videlvidgu-Ilangovelar was a vassal of the Pallava king Kampavarman.

By the early 10th century both, the Pallava-s and the Muttairaiya-s, were defeated and annihilated by theChola-s under Aditya I. Pudukkottai became the dividing boundary between the Chola and the Pandyaempires. However this did not last long and the Pandya-s were overruled by the Chola-s soon. The Irukkuvel-s became firm allies of the Chola-s after this victory. The Pandya resurgence in middle of 13th century ended the Chola dominion on this region. With a defeat in the hands of Malik Kafur, the Pandya-s lost Madurai toDelhi sultanate. It was Kumarakampana, a Vijayanagara prince, which brought back this region from the clasps of the Delhi sultanate in about 1371 CE. Provincial viceroys of the Vijayanagra empire, the Nayaka-sof Madurai & Nayaka-s of Thanjavur, asserted their independence after the end of that kingdom. By middle of 17th century, Tondaimans of Pudukkottai started ruling over this region which they did till the advent of the British in South India. Pudukkottai became a district in 14th January, 1974 comprising of some portion ofThanjavur and Tiruchirappalli.

 Monuments – There are four monuments of interest in Kodumbalur out of which three are under care of ASI (Archaeological Survey of India).

  Muvar Koil – Muvar Koil in Tamil means ‘temple for three deities/persons’. This complex is known by this name probably because it has three temples inside. Only two out of these three have survived fully while the third one has only the basement remaining now.  Local traditions and folklore give some interesting interpretations of the term ‘Muvar’. As per one belief, Shiva saints (Nayanar-s) Appar, Sundarar andManikkavachakar built one shrine each. Another belief states that kings of three major dynasties Chera,Chola and Pandya constructed one shrine each. One another tradition states that these three shrines were constructed to house Hindu Trinity of Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. As per a foundation inscription on south wall of the north-most temple, these temples were constructed by Kodumbalur Velir chief Bhuti Vikramakesari on behalf of himself and his two wives, Karrali and Varaguna. Bhuti Vikramakesari was a contemporary of the Chola ruler Aditya I hence these temples would have been constructed in middle of 10th century CE. This complex can be assigned to the early phase of the Chola architectural activities.

Before going to next temple, I would like to quote a comment given by Percy Brown about the early Cholaarchitecture, ‘Dating from the 9th and 10th centuries, that they are in the early Chola style is fairly evident, but at the same time Pallava features are observable, while their relation to the monolithic rathas at Mamallapuram may be noted’. I assume that the author is referring this Pallava influence in the execution of bas-reliefs and other sculptures as I do not see any such influence on the temple architecture as such. Pillars with lion base which were a characteristic style during the later Pallava-s are no more in use during the Chola-s. Pillars during the Chola-s became much slender with a large and protruding abacus above the capital. The joint between the capital and the abacus was carved with flower designs, called padmabandha inshilpa texts. The study of architectural evolution states that the evolution starts from small and culminates into a bigger manifestation of that small start. So called early Chola temples at Panangudi, Kaliapatti etc are of small size. However we have already seen the bigger complexes during the Pallava-s as evident from theShore Temple at Mahabalipuram and Kailasanatha temple at Kanchi. It would be wrong to say that theChola-s, who conquered over the Pallava-s in the early 10th century were unaware of their architectural marvels. However still we find simple and smaller temples built during the Chola-s. I think that the explanation lies with the conception and idea of the monument. It is not that all the temples of that period were conceived and constructed by the king or the royal house. There were many temples which were constructed by local chiefs or person of some influence like saints etc. The temples which were constructed under the order of a royal grant must have been grand and elegant in design and idea which is sufficiently reflected in Kailasanatha and Brihadeeshvara temple where both were constructed by the royal houses of those times. However the temples which were constructed by local chiefs might not be that grand when compared to the former category. Hence though we may accept that the evolution always flows from the small towards the big however everything which is small does not qualify that it would have been of an early origin. Hence small temples which are dated of early origin may have been built quite later in time. Until there is no foundation inscription on such monuments, it will be hard to exactly date those. Another difference seen with the Pallava temples is the shikhara of these temples. Pallava temples have octagonal shikarathroughout in all of their temples while Kodumbalur temples have square shikhara.

Inscriptions –  A Sanskrit inscription is written on its south wall in early Grantha characters and gives details of Kodumbalur Velir family. As the first line is not readable hence the first ancestor of this family is not known. However it is clear that he captured an elephant battalion of some enemy in one of the war. The genealogy is as followed:
Unknown ancestor -> Paravirajit Viratunga -> Ativira (titled Anupama) -> Sanghakrit -> Nripakesari -> Paradurgamarddana (who conquered Vatapi) -> Samarabhirama (whol killed Chalukki in a battle at Adhirajamangala) -> Buti 
Bhuti got the title of Vikramakesari by his prowess in battles. He is stated to have made the waters of the Kaveri red with the blood of the Pallava army [Pallavars are actually Palli Vanniyars only not Cholars] slain by him. He also conquered Vira-Pandya and destroyed one Vanchi-vel. It is stated that he was living with his two wives, Karrali and Varaguna, at Kodumbalur.Karrali had two sons Parantakavarman and Adityavarman. Bhuti Vikramakesari built three shrines in the name of himself and his two queens for Shiva at Kodumbalur. He also presented a matha (monastery) to Mallikarjuna of Madura, a teacher of Kalamukha sect of Shaivas and eleven villages for feeding fifty ascetics of that sect each day.

Aivar Koil – Aivar Koil in Tamil meant ‘five-temples’. It is so called as there are remains of five temples in this complex. It is referred as Aintali temple in its inscriptions. This complex lies little south-west of theMuvar Koil complex. The five shrines of this complex share the same platform similar to the Pallava temple of Panamalai. In this respect this temple can be put under the category of panchayatana architecture where a central shrine is surrounded by four corner shrines all built on same plinth. The first such surviving temple isDashavatara temple at Devgarh which was built during Gupta reign of 5th century CE.

Some part of cornice withkudus on it is also placed on the base. There is an interesting sculpture placed on one of the side of the platform. As it is much worn out hence identification is not easy. Some scholars claim that this is an image of Kota-varai. The hair-do of this sculpture looks very similar to the hair-do of Kartikeya during the Guptashence in my opinion this could be Kartikeya. As Kartikeya and Kota-varai are both associated with Shivahence their presence in this shrine is not of any surprise. But where Kota-varai is an icon developed and evolved in Tamilnadu, Kartikeya is present in all of the styles across India.

Inscriptions – Two inscriptions belonging to Raja Raja I have been discovered and both speak about the gifts made for keeping perpetual lamps burning.

Muchu Kundesvara Temple – Musu Kundha Cholar Musu Kundha Vellalars Musi River of Hyderabad the Telugu Cholars who lived at Musi River – Referred as Mudukunram temple in its inscriptions, this temple was built byMahimalaya Irukkuvel, chief of Kodumbalur, in 920 CE during 4th year of the reign of Chola king Parantaka I. This east facing temple was repaired and extended in 13th century when a maha-mandapa and a Devi shrine was added to the complex. The temple is built in parivara style like Muvar Koil. However compared to sixteen sub-shrines of Muvar Koil, this temple has only seven out of which remains of four can be seen.

 Vimana of this temple has two tiers. Cornice supported on walls have kudus all around. Above the cornice is a vyala row which separates first tier with roof. The first tier is composed of kuta (square/rectangular shrine) and sala (oblong shrine) similar to the arrangement seen in later Pallava cave temples. There is no separation of corner shrines and middle shrines between two tiers here as seen in Muvar koil. Kutas are places at the corners and sala in the middle of the side. Statues are placed below inside the middle sala on all three sides. Second tier of vimana does not have kuta and sala arrangement. Cornice of this second tier has kudus all around. Above the cornice are placed four Nandi-s on four corners similar to Muvar Koil. Nandi-s either face east or west but not north or south. It seems there should have some explanation for such an arrangement ofNandi-s. Above the second tier rises square griva above which a square shikhra is placed. A similar arrangement is seen in Muvar Koil as well. Square shikhara puts this temple under Nagara style of architecture. Maha-nasikas (large arched window) are provided in middle of each side of this square shikhara. An image is placed below each of maha-nasika.

 Niches are provided in all the three walls of vimana however all are empty. Niches of first and second tier are adorned with images. Upper tier niche on south has Shiva as Dakshinamurti. Lower niche of the same side also has same icon however this time Shiva is holding a veena hence he is portrayed as Veenadhara-Dakshinamurti. West side niches, upper tier and lower tier, have Vishnu in each. North side niches, both, have Brahma. This arrangement of Dakshinamurti, Vishnu and Brahma later became a characteristic feature of the Chola temples.

Inscriptions - Eleven inscriptions of 10th to 16th century were discovered from Muchukundeswara Temple –[Musu Kundha Cholars Musu Kundha Vellalars Moosu Kunthars Kuntha Kunthi Kundhar clans….. Four of them belong to the period of Parakesari Parantaka I (907-953 AD) and one each to the periods ofRaja Raja I, Rajendra I, Kulothunga I, Vikramachola, Sundara Pandya, Vijayanagara and an Araiyar chieftain [ Aariyar – Araiyar] .Parakesari inscription mentions the name of the builder and his liberal endowment of lands for conducting daily poojas at the temple. The inscription belonging to the Raja Raja I refers to a temple Desi Val Isvaram atKodumbalur. The temple, which is not in existence, now, is believed to have been constructed by members of merchant guilds. The inscription also refers to a merchant guild, “Munnuravar” and the name has come across for the first time during archaeological studies in the region.

Rajendra period inscription refers to gifts made by a Panan of Kodumbalur Vizhuperaraiyan Vikramakesari Arulmozhi Devan, while the one belonging to the Vikrama Chola (1118-1135 AD) period details the gifting of 100 goats for supply of ghee for daily poojas and keeping two perpetual lamps burning by Ooralinatha Ambalakoothan Chola Vichathara Peraraiyan- Araiyan – Aariyan - in memory of his son, Kunran. This is only the second inscription belonging to the Vikrama Chola period that has been discovered in Pudukottai district. Another inscription belonging to the Salivahana year 1454 (1532 AD) gives the name of the Amman as Thirumudu Kunrathu Nachiar, which has been brought to light only now. The inscriptions, also refers to several temples such as Thiru Alankovil, Thirupudisvaram and Vikramakesari Griham — all of which are not in existence now.

Abstract of an inscription from SII Vol 23 – This seems to be an unusual record-in faulty style-purporting to be an inscription dated in the 7th year of a Kodumbalur chief Virasola-Irukkuvel with the Chola titleParakesarivarman prefixed to his name. It states that on the representation (made to the chief) by AlaganVirasola-Anukkamal of the udankuttam (?), the kanmalur and some others (not clear) an image of the deity called Akkasalisvaram-Udai[yar] was consecrated in the temple of Tirumudugaram at Kodumbalur, and provision was made for its daily worship and offerings by means of a gift of a land known as Seral-endal asdevadana.

An inscription at a pillar from a temple at the tank refers to it as Minnamalai Iswaram of Kodumbalur.Minnamalai is the surname of Bhuti Vikrama Kesari, an Irukkuvel chief, and the temple had been apparently built by him. The stones used in the temple that had fallen into decay, should have apparently been used for constructing the tank.

 Nandi Shrine – Near a modern temple, Vattam Katcheri, is a large statue of Nandi. It is about 9 feet long, 6 feet high and 10 feet round the body.

How to Reach – Kodumbalur is about 35 km from Pudukkottai lying on Pudukkottai-Manapparai road. You will get bus from Manapparai to reach here.Viralimalai and Manapparai are two major towns near Kodumbalur. It is about 5 km from NH 45B, Triuchchirappalli-Tovarankurichchi, little after you passViralimalai.

References:

1.     Brown, Percy (1959). Indian Architecture: Buddhist and Hindu Periods. Mumbai. Taraporewala and Sons.

2.     Konow, Sten (1914). Epigraphia Indica Vol XII. New Delhi. Archaeological Survey of India.

3.     Michell, George (1989). The Penguin Guide to the Monuments of India Volume I: Buddhist, Jain, Hindu. London. Penguin Books. ISBN 9780140081442

4.     Srinivasan, K R (1996). Temples of South India. New Delhi. National Book Trust of India. ISBN 8123718675

Web References: 
1.    South Indian Inscriptions Volume 23, retrieved on 28/02/2011
2.    South Indian Inscriptions Volume 19, retrieved on 28/02/2011
3.    Poetry in Stone, retrieved on 28/02/2011
4.    The Art Institute of Chicago, retrieved on 28/02/2011
5.    Indo Arch , retrieved on 28/02/2011
6.    http://pudukkottai.info/index.php?title=Kodumbalur , retrieved on 28/02/2011
7.    French Institute of Pondichery, retrieved on 28/02/2011
8.    Tamil Arts Academy, retrieved on 28/02/2011
9.    http://pudukkottai.nic.in/history.htm, retrieved on 28/02/2011
10.  The Hindu, article about thirteen inscriptions from Kodumbalur, retrieved on 28/02/2011
11.  Irukkuvel Chiefs, retrieved on 28/02/2011

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_3 - Dandisvara & Vishnu ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: Introduction. ... and a Vellala resident in Ravikulamanikkapuram, in the eastern division of Singapura-nadu. ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_14 - Inscriptions of the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: Introduction. Text of the Inscriptions . 1 to 25: 26 to 50: 51 to ... a Vellala of Pallip-Perumbulingavu in ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_9 - Hoysalas Inscriptions ...

SOUTH INDIAN INSCRIPTIONS : Volume - IX. Contents. ... The inscription refers itself to the reing of the Hoysala king Vishnuvardhana Vira-Ballala ...

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The Indian Analyst. ... (Ballala the Brave). Tired and deepinto the forest, he was refreshed by a simple meal of boiled beans offered by an old pesant woman.

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Reddis---The Motupalli pillar inscription ... Matigolayakula and who were the feudatories of Vira Ballala III had the ...

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[10] Nissankapratapa was the title of the Hoysala kings Ballala II (A.R. Nos. 123 and 126 of 1913), Vira-Narasimha (No. 116 of 1913) and Somesvara (No. 519 of 1912 ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. ... Thus we find the Hoysala king Vira-Ballala II [19] Vira-Naasimha and Somesvara, the Kakatiya Ganapati, ...

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The Indian Analyst. ... (Ballala the Brave). Tired and deepinto the forest, he was refreshed by a simple meal of boiled beans offered by an old pesant woman.

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Reddis---The Motupalli pillar inscription ... Matigolayakula and who were the feudatories of Vira Ballala III had the ...

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[10] Nissankapratapa was the title of the Hoysala kings Ballala II (A.R. Nos. 123 and 126 of 1913), Vira-Narasimha (No. 116 of 1913) and Somesvara (No. 519 of 1912 ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. ... Thus we find the Hoysala king Vira-Ballala II [19] Vira-Naasimha and Somesvara, the Kakatiya Ganapati,

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No. 689 (Page No. 477 Volume 26)

(A. R. No. 644 of 1909)

Konerirajapuram, Thanjavur Taluk, Thanjavur District Same wall.

Rajaraja-Rajakesarivarman : Year 15 = 999-1000 A.D.

This inscription contains the prasasti of the king commencing with Tirumagal pola etc.

It records a gift of ¼ of a lamp to be burnt in the temple of the god Aditta Isvaramudaiya- mahadevar of Tirunallam, a Brahmadeyam in Vennadu by a certain Vellalan named Kadan Attanatti of the same place, who had endowed 7 kasu for the purpose.  It is stated that  this money was received by three persons of the temple, named Kavisiyan Nakkan Tarukkan and his sons Tarukkan Narayanan and Tarukkan Narasinga-battan, who had agreed to burn the lamp.  They had also agreed that in case their rights in the temple was mortgaged or sold, those who came in possession of the rights, should also continue to burn the lamp.

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. ... During his administration as Pillai Kaikkanakkanar he is said to have got them exemption from viniyogam and ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Tiruvarur temple Inscriptions : ... which was recently translated by Mr. V. Kanakasabhai Pillai. [7] ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_3 - Misc.Inscriptions in ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_3_Miscellaneous_Inscriptions_in_Tamil : ... according to Mr. Kanakasabhai Pillai came to the throne after ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_9 - Hoysalas Inscriptions ...

SOUTH INDIAN INSCRIPTIONS : Volume - IX. Contents. Preface. Part - I. Banas ... The late Mr. Swamikannu Pillai has remarked on this date as follows: ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_23_Inscriptions Collected During The ... by one Perumal-Pillai the headman of Kaliyur and a toll ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_13 - Inscriptions of ...

SOUTH INDIAN INSCRIPTIONS. VOLUME XIII. INSCRIPTIONS OF RAJAKESARIVARMAN . No. 151. (A.R. No. 232 of 1923.) ... The identity of ‘Pillai Seramanar’ is not known.

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Inscriptions of ...

South Indian Inscriptions ... -mandalam for the land received by them from Vira-Narasingadeva alias Yadavarayar for the merit of Narayana-pillai who fell in a ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: ... It refers to the title Marachchakravarti-pillai conferred on Tiruvarankulam-udaiyar by the group of people called ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions ... It further states that the ruler desired to have the images of the Polinduinra-pillai, the goddess, and ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Volume ... Mr. V. Kanakasabhai Pillai gave an abridged translation of this Tamil poem and identified its hero ...

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Articles 321 through 420 of 500: Crying With The Cicadas To Be Heard (Hindu, Correspondent or Reporter, Mar 08, 2007) Reghunatha Pillai's new novel, `Cicadas takes ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_3 - Ghritasthanesvara ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_3_Miscellaneous_Inscriptions_in_Tamil : ... (pillai) of the koyil (monastery ?) and the four hundred ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : What Is India News Service ... for the welfare of Pillai Solakonar. ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_3 - Inscriptions of ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_3 ... Both the grammar and its commentary have been edited by the late C. W. Damodaram Pillai in 1895. ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... the accountant of the village and his brother Alavanda-Pillai.

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Pallava Inscriptions ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... [74] alias Perumal-Pillai of Arasur, the latter’s younger brother Venadudaiyan ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Inscriptions of ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... , an agambadik-kottu-mudali of Kadavarayar and a resident of Sendamangalam, ...

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South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 17 - Telugu Chola ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_17_Inscriptions collected during the year 1903-04

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09 : ... a samaiya,mudali of the Jiyar of Pushpagiri, ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. ... a certain Urudaiya-mudali alias Virapandi Sudikkodutta-mudali, the madapattiyam (manager) ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. ... (utkottu-mudali) of the chief, for a perpetual lamp to the god at Tirumudukunram in Paruvur-kurram, ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... an agambadi-mudali of Solakon, between the 23rd and 25th [days of Adi], ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... (mudali) of Avanialappirandan Kopperunjinga, on behalf of his master. ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. ... to a certain Setti Andapillai Parakramapandya-mudali alias Parakrama-pandyadevan, a ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

... records a gift of land made by a certain Iyalvallan Pandiyan alias Vikkiramachola Irungolan, a mudali of the king. The lands gifted ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. ... to a certain Setti Andapillai Parakramapandya-mudali alias Parakrama-pandyadevan, a ...

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

Records the mortgage of 12 vēli of land at Agaṇi for 100 Varāgan by Ariyanāyaka-Mudali of the village, to a Kaikkōḷa residing at Chintādripet. 38: Do. ...

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 17 - Cholas Inscriptions ...

SOUTH INDIAN INSCRIPTIONS. VOLUME XVII. INSCRIPTIONS COLLECTED DURING 1903 - 1904. Cholas. Rajaraja III Rajendra ... a mudali in the temple of Tirumaraikkadudaiyar.

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

... records a gift of land made by a certain Iyalvallan Pandiyan alias Vikkiramachola Irungolan, a mudali of the king. The lands gifted ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Pallava Inscriptions ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... definitely referred to as devar-mudali, i.e., an officer of the chief, ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... , an agambadik-kottu-mudali of Kadavarayar and a resident of Sendamangalam, ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kampavarman ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: ... , a Kaikkola-mudali of Tiruvennainallur for supplying daily milk by the measure ‘Arumolideva-nali’ to the god Vaikunda ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 17 - Telugu Chola ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09 : ... a samaiya,mudali of the Jiyar of Pushpagiri, ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. ... a certain Urudaiya-mudali alias Virapandi Sudikkodutta-mudali, the madapattiyam (manager) ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. ... (utkottu-mudali) of the chief, for a perpetual lamp to the god at Tirumudukunram in Paruvur-kurram, ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... an agambadi-mudali of Solakon, between the 23rd and 25th [days of Adi], ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Kopperunjingadeva II ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... (mudali) of Avanialappirandan Kopperunjinga, on behalf of his master. ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. ... to a certain Setti Andapillai Parakramapandya-mudali alias Parakrama-pandyadevan, a ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

... records a gift of land made by a certain Iyalvallan Pandiyan alias Vikkiramachola Irungolan, a mudali of the king. The lands gifted ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. ... to a certain Setti Andapillai Parakramapandya-mudali alias Parakrama-pandyadevan, a ...

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

Records the mortgage of 12 vēli of land at Agaṇi for 100 Varāgan by Ariyanāyaka-Mudali of the village, to a Kaikkōḷa residing at Chintādripet. 38: Do. ...

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 17 - Cholas Inscriptions ...

SOUTH INDIAN INSCRIPTIONS. VOLUME XVII. INSCRIPTIONS COLLECTED DURING 1903 - 1904. Cholas. Rajaraja III Rajendra ... a mudali in the temple of Tirumaraikkadudaiyar.

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

... records a gift of land made by a certain Iyalvallan Pandiyan alias Vikkiramachola Irungolan, a mudali of the king. The lands gifted ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Pallava Inscriptions ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... definitely referred to as devar-mudali, i.e., an officer of the chief, ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_3 - Rajgopala-Perumal Temple ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface. Introduction. Table of Contents. Text of the Inscriptions . 1 to 25. 26 to ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_14 - Inscriptions of the ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: Introduction. ... quarters (aruvai-vaniya-chcheri) for burning a lamp in the temple of Sunaikkudi-Bhatara. ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Vyaghrapurisvara ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions ... Reference to a Kaduvetti-Muttarasan who made a raid on Koyattur in the reign of the Bana king ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume 2 - Rajarajesvara Temple ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... The mention of a Bana chief outside the Bana territory is noteworthy.

South Indian Inscriptions- Tanjavur (Tanjore) Temple ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Tanjavur temple : ... Parivai-nadu probably owes its name to the Bana capital Parivai or Parivipuri, ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_12 - Pallava Inscriptions ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_12_Pallava Inscriptions : ... the Bana Vikramaditya Mavalivanaraya [39] and the chief Chola-Maharaja ...

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South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 17 - Yadavaraya ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_2_Rajarajesvara Temple ... but is closely allied to the seal of the Udayendiram plates of the Bana king ...

The Great God of Rajarajeshwaram -- Friday, March 31, 2006 ...

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... Arikulakesari referred to in the previous volume (Vol. XIII, Intr. P. V), as having been married to a Bana chief. Still other ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_9 - Banas Inscriptions ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Volume - III. Contents: Preface. Introduction. Part ... and in the time of a Bana chief who is not mentioned by name, but only ...

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... probably a Bana king. It also registers the grant of the village Nadanuru, with the consent of the Bana king. The engraver ...

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Bhagawanthike, Pata Kunitha and Bana Devara Kunitha are dances performed to worship Lord Vishnu. Mariammana Kunitha, Urimarammana Kunitha, Puja, Karaga, Dollu ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_16 - Telugu Inscriptions of ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: ... This is dated Saka 1527, (also expressed by Chronogram Asva-ambaka-bana-bhu) Visvavasu, corresponding to 1605 A.D.

South Indian Inscriptions - Tiruvarur (Thiruvarur) Temple ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Tiruvarur temple Inscriptions : ... The grant of the Bana king Hastimalla [9] enumerates them thus ; ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_13 - Inscriptions of ...

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South Indian Inscriptions Volume_9 - Nolamba-Pallavas ...

... (probably the Bana king) fought with their army and overthrew it: when there was hue and cry caused by some Nayakas opposing Virachudamani, a certain ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_16 - Telugu Inscriptions of ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: ... Sobhakrit, expressed by the chronogram bana-yugaanala-indu, Pausha ba. 10 Monday when the sun was entering Mrigarasi.

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_13 - Cholas Inscriptions ...

... Arinjigai-Piratti the daughter of Arikulakesari (and hence another sister of Sundara-Chola) who was married to a Bana chief, set up an image of ...

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What is India Report NRI donates $10 million to build college in AP. Paila Malla Reddy had to contend with vested interests before his free college could take shape.

South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 10 - Reddy Dynasties ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: ... Anna and Malla, son of Komati Prola, the founder of the family, by Anyamamba, daughter of Dodda. No ...

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Opinions @ whatisindia.com : Our ... Paila Malla Reddy had to contend with vested interests before his free college could take shape. For children of illiterate ...

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South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: Introduction. Topographical Index. ... to god Chennakesava of Venkatadrinagara by Malla of Vellutla-gotra, ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 10 - Early Cholas of ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: ... On a pillar set up near Malla Reddi’s house, Prodduturu, Proddutur Taluk, same District. Undated ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_16 - Telugu Inscriptions of ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: Preface: Introduction. ... who held the Chernuru and Potladurti-simas as nayankara and his brother Malla-nayaka (No. 77), ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume_16 - Telugu Inscriptions of ...

The same pillar records the gift of two copper images of the god and the goddess by Malla-nayaka, ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Volume 10 - Kakatiya Dynasty ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_10_Telugu Inscriptions from Andhra Pradesh

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South Indian Inscriptions : ... Over the entrance, the name of the temple, Atiranachandra-Palla [ vesvara-griha ], is engraved in both alphabets. The ...

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Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

South Indian Inscriptions-Volume-XIX-Inscriptions of ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: ... and for feeding therewith a devotee in the palla at Tirumalai near Vaigavur in Pangala-nadu a sub division of Palkunra ...

South Indian Inscriptions-Volume-XIX-Inscriptions of ...

South Indian Inscriptions : Contents: ... a gift of 26 cows for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tirukkurralattu-Perumal by Adittan Muvenda-Palla ...

South Indian Inscriptions Volume 2 - Rajarajesvara Temple ...

South Indian Inscriptions, Volume 2. Tamil Inscriptions. part - iii. INSCRIPTIONS OF THE TANJAVUR TEMPLE

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Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy 1947-48

137. Do. West of Uppuṭūr Alvar Chetty entrance..... Do. Damaged and beginning lost. Records a gift of land tax-free, for a flower garden, made by the kanmis to

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

Do. East of Uppuṭūr Alvar Chetty entrance. Do. [Lost] 41st year. Do. ...

South Indian Inscriptions - Inscriptions collected during the ...

Online Infobase about South_Indian_Inscriptions_Volume_26_Inscriptions collected during the year 1908-09

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

East of Uppuṭūr Alvar Chetty entrance. …. …... Do. Do. and fragmentary. Seems to record a gift of land for a flower garden. 136. Do. Chōḷa. ...

Annual Reports on Indian Epigraphy

Do. Same wall, west of Uppuṭūr Alvar Chetty entrance. Do. Do. 40th year. Do.